Repentance in Hebrew Thought: The Meaning of Teshuva

 

The modern understanding of repentance often focuses only on guilt, shame, or apologizing for sin. Yet the Biblical concept of teshuva is much deeper. In Hebrew, repentance is not merely sorrow, it is a return. Scripture repeatedly calls Yah’s people to turn away from sin and return to Him with the whole heart. From the Torah to the Prophets and into the teachings of Yeshua, teshuva stands at the center of covenant faithfulness and restoration.

The Meaning of Teshuva

To fully appreciate the beauty of the Hebrew language and the deep importance behind teshuva, we need to look at the meaning of the word. 

Shuv Meaning:

• Return
• Turn back
• Restore
• Come back

Teshuva meaning:

• Return
• Answer
• Repentance

We see that from the building blocks of teshuva, is a cry to return, return to the Master and His way. To restore the covenantal relationship, we made with Yahweh. To turn away from our transgressions of the Torah (sin), and to answer our Father’s call to return home. We read about the call to teshuva, all throughout the Bible, but here are a few key scriptures that really exemplify that call to teshuva.

Israel returning to Yah after exile

“It shall happen, when all these things have come on you, the blessing and the curse, which I have set before you, and you shall call them to mind among all the nations where Yahweh your Elohim has driven you, and return to Yahweh your Elohim and obey his voice according to all that I command you today, you and your children, with all your heart and with all your soul, that then Yahweh your Elohim will release you from captivity, have compassion on you, and will return and gather you from all the peoples where Yahweh your Elohim has scattered you.” (Deuteronomy 30:1–3)

The wicked forsaking his way and returning to Yah

“Seek Yahweh while he may be found. Call on him while he is near.  Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts. Let him return to Yahweh, and he will have mercy on him, to our Elohim, for he will freely pardon.” (Isaiah 55:6–7)

“Return, backsliding children.”

“Go, and proclaim these words toward the north, and say, ‘Return, you backsliding Israel,’ says Yahweh; ‘I will not look in anger on you, for I am merciful,’ says Yahweh. ‘I will not keep anger forever. Only acknowledge your iniquity, that you have transgressed against Yahweh your Elohim, and have scattered your ways to the strangers under every green tree, and you have not obeyed my voice,’” says Yahweh. “Return, backsliding children,” says Yahweh, “for I am a husband to you. I will take one of you from a city, and two from a family, and I will bring you to Zion.” (Jeremiah 3:12–14)

“Israel, return to Yahweh your Elohim.”

“Israel, return to Yahweh your Elohim; for you have fallen because of your sin. Take words with you, and return to Yahweh. Tell him, “Forgive all our sins, and accept that which is good; so we offer bulls as we vowed of our lips.” (Hosea 14:1–2)

“Turn to Me with all your heart.”

“Yet even now,” says Yahweh, “turn to Me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with weeping, and with mourning.” Tear your heart and not your garments, and turn to Yahweh, your Elohim; for he is gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, and relents from sending calamity.” (Joel 2:12–13)

Teshuva in the Torah

One of the foundational principles of Teshuva, is seeking Yah with the whole heart after disobedience. When we find ourselves in dire straits because we have drifted from the path, our only option is to teshuva with all our heart and strength.

“But from there you shall seek Yahweh your Elohim, and you will find him when you search after him with all your heart and with all your soul. When you are in oppression, and all these things have come on you, in the latter days you shall return to Yahweh your Elohim and listen to his voice.” (Deuteronomy 4:29–31)

Another central aspect to teshuva is confessing to the Father our sins. It’s shows that we acknowledge the crookedness we have been living. Like any addiction or bad habit, we first have to profess it. Admit there is a problem with the way we are living.

 “If they confess their iniquity and the iniquity of their fathers, in their trespass which they trespassed against me; and also that because they walked contrary to me, I also walked contrary to them, and brought them into the land of their enemies; if then their uncircumcised heart is humbled, and they then accept the punishment of their iniquity, then I will remember my covenant with Jacob, my covenant with Isaac, and also my covenant with Abraham; and I will remember the land.” (Leviticus 26:40–42)  

The last bit of structural knowledge regarding teshuva I want to touch on, is the concept of restitution. We touched on how Yahweh will restore us by remembering his covenant with our forefathers, but we also have a part to play in restoration. Back when there was a temple, we would bring offerings before Yahweh. Now, without a physical temple, we do it with praise, prayer, and worship. Thanking the for Father for giving us the spirit to turn back.

“Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to the children of Israel: ‘When a man or woman commits any sin that men commit, so as to trespass against Yahweh, and that soul is guilty, then he shall confess his sin which he has done; and he shall make restitution for his guilt in full, add to it the fifth part of it, and give it to him in respect of whom he has been guilty.” (Numbers 5:6–7)

Teshuva in the Teachings of Yeshua

Teshuva being a pinnacle to our relationship with the Father, it is no wonder why Yeshua started his ministry by instructing the people to teshuva.

“From that time, Yeshua began to proclaim, and to say, “Repent! For the Kingdom of Heaven is at hand.”  (Matthew 4:17)

In Revelations, Yeshua calls for a number of the assemblies to teshuva, or else face judgement.

The Assembly in Ephesus

“Remember therefore from where you have fallen, and repent and do the first works; or else I am coming to you swiftly, and will move your lamp stand out of its place, unless you repent.” (Revelations 2:5) 

The Assembly in Pergamum

“Repent therefore, or else I am coming to you quickly and I will make war against them with the sword of my mouth.” (Revelations 2:16)

The Assembly in Thyatira

“I gave her time to repent, but she refuses to repent of her sexual immorality. Behold, I will throw her and those who commit adultery with her into a bed of great oppression, unless they repent of her works.” (Revelations 2:21-22)

The Assembly in Sardis

“Remember therefore how you have received and heard. Keep it and repent. If therefore you won’t watch, I will come as a thief, and you won’t know what hour I will come upon you.” (Revelations 3:3)

The Assembly in Laodicea

“As many as I love, I reprove and chasten. Be zealous therefore, and repent.” (Revelations 3:19)

Closing Remarks

Teshuva is one of the greatest gifts Yah has given mankind. Though humanity continually strays, Yah continually calls His people to return. From the Torah to the words of Yeshua the Messiah, the message remains unchanged: “Return unto Me.” True repentance is not merely sorrow over sin—it is a wholehearted turning back to the Father, walking once again in His ways, and bearing the fruit of a transformed life.

“Therefore produce fruit worthy of repentance!” (Matthew 3:8)

P.S.

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Coming in the Father’s Name: What Yeshua Meant (John 5:43 Explained)

 

One of the great mysteries revealed during Yeshua’s first coming is this: the Yahweh of the Scriptures—the One we read about speaking with and appearing to the Hebrews and the prophets—was Yeshua, coming in His Father’s name.

This does not mean that Yeshua and the Father are the same being. Scripture shows a clear distinction and order between Yahweh and Yeshua. Rather, Yeshua acts in the authority of His Father, fully representing Him.

We are first introduced to this reality in John’s writings:

“No one has ever seen Elohim. All came to be through Him, The only brought-forth Son, who is in the bosom of the Father, He did declare.” (John 1:18)

“And the Father who sent Me, He has borne witness of Me. You have neither heard His voice at any time, nor seen His form.” (John 5:37)

“Not that anyone has seen the Father, except He who is from Elohim. He has seen the Father.” (John 6:46)

 These passages present an important dilemma: throughout the Older Testament, we repeatedly read of Yahweh appearing and speaking directly with people.

For example, at Mount Sinai:

“Then Moses, Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel went up. They saw the Elohim of Israel. Under his feet was like a paved work of sapphire stone, like the skies for clearness. He didn’t lay his hand on the nobles of the children of Israel. They saw Elohim, and ate and drank.”  (Exodus 24:9-11)

Yet later, in Acts, we are given further insight: 

“This is that Moses who said to the children of Israel, ‘Yahweh our Elohim will raise up a prophet for you from among your brothers, like me.’ This is he who was in the assembly in the wilderness with the Messenger that spoke to him on Mount Sinai, and with our fathers, who received living revelations to give to us,” (Acts 7:37-38)

The Messianic writings are not equating Yeshua with the Father. Rather, they reveal that Yeshua is the Messenger of Yahweh—the One through whom Yahweh interacts with humanity.

Think of it like a royal envoy sent in the name of a king. Though not the king himself, he carries the king’s authority and speaks on his behalf. In the same way, Yeshua comes in His Father’s name: 

 “I have come in my Father’s name, and you don’t receive me. If another comes in his own name, you will receive him.” (John 5:43)

 The Messenger in the Burning Bush

Another clear example is the burning bush:

“Yahweh’s Messenger appeared to him in a flame of fire out of the middle of a bush. He looked, and behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.” (Exodus 3:2)

 Stephen later clarifies:

“This Moses whom they refused, saying, ‘Who made you a ruler and a judge?’—Elohim has sent him as both a ruler and a deliverer by the hand of the Messenger who appeared to him in the bush.” (Acts 7:35) 

Once again, we see Yahweh working through His Messenger—His visible representative. 

Abraham and Yahweh

Another powerful encounter is found with Abraham:

“Yahweh appeared to him by the oaks of Mamre, as he sat in the tent door in the heat of the day. He lifted up his eyes and looked, and saw that three men stood near him. When he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself to the earth,” (Genesis 18:1-2)

Abraham speaks with Yahweh, eats with Him, and walks with Him. Yet we are told that no one has seen the Father.

How do we reconcile this?

By considering the fullness of Scripture. Yahweh conceals matters, but it is the honor of kings to search them out. Yeshua Himself gives us the answer:

“Your father Abraham rejoiced to see my day. He saw it and was glad.” The Judeans therefore said to him, “You are not yet fifty years old! Have you seen Abraham?” Yeshua said to them, “Most certainly, I tell you, before Abraham came into existence, I am.” (John 8:56-58)

 Before Time

Yeshua did not begin at His birth through Mary. He existed before the world began and has always been active in carrying out the will of the Father.

“I glorified you on the earth. I have accomplished the work which you have given me to do. Now, Father, glorify me with your own self with the glory which I had with you before the world existed.” (John 17:4-5)

The Name of Yahweh in Him

To fully understand what it means that Yeshua came in His Father’s name, we must look to the Torah itself, where this concept is first introduced.

“See, I am sending a Messenger before you to guard you in the way and to bring you into the place which I have prepared. Be on guard before Him and obey His voice. Do not rebel against Him, for He is not going to pardon your transgression, for My Name is in Him. But if you diligently obey His voice and shall do all that I speak, then I shall be an enemy to your enemies and a distresser to those who distress you.” (Exodus 23:20–21)

This passage is profound. Yahweh speaks of a Messenger who carries His very Name. This is not merely a title—it represents His authority, character, and presence. To obey this Messenger is to obey Yahweh Himself.

This helps us understand Yeshua’s words:

“I have come in My Father’s name…” (John 5:43)

 “For I spoke not from myself, but the Father who sent me gave me a commandment, what I should say and what I should speak.” (John 12:49)

Yeshua is not coming on His own authority, but fully representing the Father—bearing His Name in the fullest sense.

The prophets echo this same idea:

“He shall stand and shepherd in the strength of Yahweh, in the majesty of the Name of Yahweh His Elohim…” (Micah 5:4)

The coming Messiah would operate in the power and authority of Yahweh’s Name. This is the language of divine agency—where one is sent as a perfect representative, fully carrying out the will of the one who sent him.

This concept brings clarity to everything we have seen: when Yahweh is described as appearing, speaking, and interacting with His people, it is through the One who bears His Name—His Messenger, His emissary, Yeshua.

 One Elohim, One Mediator

Scripture consistently shows that Yahweh is set apart beyond human approach:

“Yahweh said to Moses, “Tell Aaron your brother not to come at just any time into the Holiest Place behind the curtain —before the atonement cover which is on the Ark—so that he would not die. For I will be appearing in the cloud over the atonement cover.” (Leviticus 16:2)

If even His presence in the Most Holy Place could bring death, how then did men speak with Him face to face?

The answer is consistent throughout Scripture: it was through Yeshua.

“Yeshua the Messiah is the same yesterday, today, and forever.” (Hebrews 13:8)

“For there is one Elohim and one mediator between Elohim and men, the man Messiah Yeshua,” (1 Timothy 2:5)

 Yeshua has always been that mediator.

He walked with Adam and Eve in the garden, spoke to Noah, called Abraham, wrestled with Jacob, and spoke to Moses. Throughout all generations, He has been the emissary of Yahweh—carrying out His will and revealing Him to humanity.

Go Deeper: Continue the Study

If this perspective is new or challenges what you’ve previously understood, I encourage you to explore these related teachings. Each one builds on the foundation of Yahweh’s covenant and the role of Yeshua within it.

• Nailed to the Cross: What Was Really Removed?
  A deeper look at what was actually taken away through Yeshua’s sacrifice—and what was not.
• Yeshua's Sermon on the Mount: Rediscovering Torah and the Way to the Father
  A powerful look at how Yeshua upheld and taught the fullness of the Torah, revealing the heart, depth, and intent behind Yahweh’s commandments.
• The True Ultimate Sacrifice: Understanding the Divorce of the House of Israel and its Reclamation
  An in-depth study of Israel’s covenant unfaithfulness, the certificate of divorce, and how Yeshua’s sacrifice makes restoration possible.

Pray over these things, test them in the Scriptures, and seek Yahweh’s wisdom as you continue.

P.S.

Check out some of my books! Available in both print and Kindle versions.

Nailed to the Cross: What Was Really Removed?

When witnessing to Christians about the Messianic faith, we are often presented with certain “key verses” that are used to claim that Yah has changed how He interacts with His people. One of the most commonly cited passages is the idea that the Law was “nailed to the cross.”

“You were dead through your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh. He made you alive together with Him, having forgiven us all our trespasses, wiping out the handwriting in ordinances which was against us. He has taken it out of the way, nailing it to the cross.” (Colossians 2:13–14)

At first glance, many assume this means the Torah itself was nailed to the cross and done away with. But is that what the text is truly saying? Or is there something deeper, something far more consistent with the character of Yah?

Blessing and Curse: The Foundation of the Covenant

From the very beginning, Yah established a clear covenantal pattern with His people: obedience brings blessing, and disobedience brings curse.

“Behold, I set before you today a blessing and a curse: the blessing, if you listen to the commandments of Yahweh your Elohim… and the curse, if you do not listen…” (Deuteronomy 11:26–28)

The Torah was never the problem. The commandments are life, righteousness, and wisdom. The issue has always been transgression, breaking Yah’s commands. So, if something was “against us,” it was not the Torah itself, but the consequences written against those who violated it.

Yah: The Jealous Husband of Israel

Scripture reveals something deeply relational about Yah, He is not distant or abstract. He is a husband to His people.

“For you shall worship no other god; for Yahweh, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous El.” (Exodus 34:14)

“Return, backsliding children… for I am a husband to you.” (Jeremiah 3:14)

But Israel did not remain faithful.

“The house of Israel and the house of Judah have dealt very treacherously against Me.” (Jeremiah 5:11)

Through idolatry and disobedience, Israel committed spiritual adultery. This is not just metaphorical language, it is covenantal reality.

The Law of the Jealous Husband

In the Torah, Yah even provides a test for a wife accused of unfaithfulness:

“The priest shall write these curses in a book, and he shall wipe them into the water of bitterness… and the water that causes the curse shall enter into her and become bitter.” (Numbers 5:23–24)

If she was guilty, the curse would come upon her. This is crucial. The curses were written down, a “handwriting” of judgment against unfaithfulness. Now consider this: Israel, the bride, had been unfaithful. The curses of the covenant stood written against her.

The Certificate of Divorce

Because of her unfaithfulness, Israel was not only judged, she was divorced.

“I had put her away and given her a certificate of divorce.” (Jeremiah 3:8)

And according to the Torah:

“Her former husband… may not take her again to be his wife after she is defiled.” (Deuteronomy 24:1–4)

This creates a dilemma. If Yah is righteous and just, He cannot simply ignore His own Torah. Yet He desires to restore His people. How can He remain just and still redeem a divorced and defiled bride?

The Cup of Bitterness

Now we come to a pivotal moment.

“My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass away from Me; nevertheless, not what I desire, but what You desire.” (Matthew 26:39)

Yeshua speaks of a cup, a cup He is about to drink. This is not just suffering in a general sense. This is the cup of judgment, the cup of the curse, the very imagery we see in the law of the jealous husband. Yeshua, the faithful one, takes the place of the unfaithful bride. He drinks the bitter water. He takes upon Himself the curses that were written against the whole House of Israel.

What Was Nailed to the Cross?

Now we return to the original passage:

“…wiping out the handwriting in ordinances which was against us… nailing it to the cross.” (Colossians 2:14)

What was “against us”? Not the Torah. Not the commandments. But the written record of our guilt—the curses, the judgment, the consequences of covenant unfaithfulness. The “handwriting” points back to what was written in the law of the jealous husband and the covenant curses. It is the record of transgression that stood as a witness against Israel and Judah. Yeshua did not abolish the Law, He bore the penalty of the unfaithful spouse.

Restoration Through Sacrifice

Through His sacrifice, something incredible happens: The curse is removed from Judah and Israel because Yeshua drank the cup of bitter waters. The penalty is paid by having the righteous husband die instead of the divorced wife. *I believe Yeshua was coming in his Father’s name throughout the Older Testament, and thus it was Yeshua that Israel was married to. More on this in Coming in the Father’s Name: What Yeshua Meant (John 5:43 Explained) * 

“For the woman that has a husband is bound by law to the husband while he lives, but if the husband dies, she is discharged from the law of the husband.” (Romans 7:2)

The way for restoration is opened. Yah remains just, because sin is punished. And yet He is merciful, because He Himself, through Yeshua, takes that punishment upon Himself. The divorced bride is restored, not by ignoring the Torah, but by fulfilling it in the most profound way.

Final Reflection

The cross is not the end of the Torah, it is the vindication of it. It shows us that Yah does not discard His commandments. He upholds them so fully that the penalty for breaking them must be paid. But in His great love, He does not leave us to drink the bitter cup alone. He drinks it for us. So when we read that something was “nailed to the cross,” let us understand: It was not the commandments that bring life. It was the curse that brings death. And through Yeshua, that curse has been taken out of the way.

What we have covered here is only one piece of a much larger picture. To see how these truths unfold across Scripture, explore the related articles below and continue the journey.

• Understanding the Distinction Between the House of Judah and the House of Israel
• Discovering the Connection Between Israel and the Church in the Bible
• The Purpose of Yeshua's Death: Redeeming the Bride of Judah - Understanding the Torah of Jealousy
• The True Ultimate Sacrifice: Understanding the Divorce of the House of Israel and its Reclamation

P.S.

Check out some of my books! Available in both print and Kindle versions.

Hear and Obey: The Call of the Shema

 

“Hear, O Yisra’ĕl: Yah our Elohim, Yah is one! And you shall love Yah your Elohim with all your heart, and with all your being, and with all your might. And these Words which I am commanding you today shall be in your heart, and you shall impress them upon your children, and shall speak of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise up, and shall bind them as a sign on your hand, and they shall be as frontlets between your eyes. And you shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.” (Deuteronomy 6:4–9)

 The Shema is one of the most recited prayers—and instructions—in all of Judaism. It is not merely a statement to be spoken, but a covenantal declaration. It calls us to remember the relationship between Yahweh and Israel and charges us to obey all that He has commanded.

Like our brother Judah, we too recite the Shema regularly and write it upon the doorposts of our homes (mezuzah) and upon our gates. For those of us in the Messianic faith, the Shema holds an especially treasured place. We see in Yeshua the Messiah the perfect example of one who heard and obeyed the Father completely:

“For I did not speak on My own, but the Father Himself who sent Me has commanded Me what to say and speak. And I know that His commandment is life everlasting. Therefore what I say, I say just as the Father has told Me.” (John 12:49–50)

Deuteronomy 6:4–9 is foundational to living a life that is pleasing to the Father. We cannot love Yahweh if we do not listen to Him, and we cannot walk as Messiah walked if the Torah is not followed with all our heart, being, and strength.

Yahweh Our Elohim, Yahweh Is One

The opening declaration establishes Yahweh as the Elohim of Israel—the only Elohim of Israel.

“You shall have no other gods before Me.” (Exodus 20:3)

Unlike the surrounding nations, such as Egypt with its vast pantheon, Israel was set-apart to serve one Elohim alone. Yahweh is not one among many; He is the only true Elohim.

“I am Yah—there is no other. Besides Me there is no God… from the rising of the sun to its setting, that there is no one besides Me. I am Yah—there is no other.” (Isaiah 45:5–6)

The topic of the Trinity is worthy of careful discussion and deserves its own treatment. For now, it is enough to affirm what the Scriptures plainly declare: Yahweh is our Elohim, and Yahweh is one. 

“For there is one Elohim, and one Mediator between Elohim and men, the Man Messiah Yeshua.” (1 Timothy 2:5)

 Love Yahweh with All You Have

The Shema commands us to love Yah with all our heart, being, and might. But how does one love Elohim?

Scripture answers clearly:

“…showing loving-commitment to thousands, to those who love Me and guard My commands.” (Exodus 20:6)

 To love Yahweh is to guard His commandments.

The Father desires our whole being—our thoughts, our will, our strength, and our devotion. It is not enough to serve Him occasionally, half-heartedly, or with divided loyalty. He calls us to put both hands to the plow and keep our eyes fixed forward.

“No one who has put his hand to the plow and looked back is fit for the kingdom of Elohim.” (Luke 9:62)

Wholehearted obedience is the evidence of true love.

 Teach the Way to Your Children

It is natural for parents to desire that their children share their beliefs. But how many are intentionally teaching their descendants the way of Yah?

The Torah does not assign this responsibility to priests or leaders alone—it places it squarely upon the parents.

“Train up a child in the way he should go; when he is old he will not turn from it.” (Proverbs 22:6)

If we allow the world to shape our children without counterbalance, we should not be surprised if they begin to reflect the world more than the Most High.

Homeschooling or private education may not be available to everyone. But regardless of circumstance, the command remains: teach them diligently. Not merely by listing commandments, but by living them out daily in front of them. 

“A rod and reproof give wisdom, but a child left to himself disgraces his mother.” (Proverbs 29:15)

The Shema calls for active, engaged discipleship within the home.

 The Torah, Day In and Day Out

The Shema instructs us to speak of these Words when we sit, walk, lie down, and rise up. Torah is not meant to be compartmentalized—it is to permeate every part of life.

“Blessed is the man… whose delight is in the Torah of Yah, and who meditates in His Torah day and night.” (Psalm 1:1–2)

 Meditation on Torah becomes easier when we live among like-minded believers. Fellowship strengthens conviction, sharpens understanding, and guards against isolation.

“For where two or three are gathered together in My name, there I am in their midst.” (Matthew 18:20)

 For those who find themselves spiritually isolated, self-reflection, daily reading, and even online study groups can help maintain daily engagement with the Word.

A Sign on the Hand and Between the Eyes

Some interpret the command to bind the Words on the hand and between the eyes as purely metaphorical. However, the text does not demand that conclusion—especially when we consider that the command to write them on the doorposts has been physically observed through the mezuzah.

The hesitancy within parts of the Messianic community toward tefillin (phylacteries) often stems from their association with the Pharisees. Yet Yeshua never condemned the wearing of tefillin itself. He rebuked the motivation behind their actions:

“All their works they do to be noticed by men. They make their tefillin wide and their tzitziyot long.” (Matthew 23:5)

Just a few verses earlier, He acknowledged their authority when reading from the Torah:

“The Torah scholars and Pharisees sit on the seat of Moses. So whatever they tell you, do and observe. But don’t do what they do; for what they say, they do not do.” (Matthew 23:1–3) 

The issue was hypocrisy—not obedience.

While tefillin are one traditional method of fulfilling this command, Scripture does not prescribe a specific format. Some may choose tefillin; others may find alternative physical reminders. What matters most is that the external sign reflects an internal commitment.

Like tzitzit, these physical reminders serve to align our thoughts (mind), actions (hand), and devotion (heart) with Yahweh. 

On Your Doors and Gates

Traditionally, this command is observed by placing a mezuzah on the doorpost—a small parchment containing Torah verses housed within a protective case.

This serves as a declaration that the home belongs to Yahweh. It distinguishes a covenant household from the world and reminds all who enter of the family’s allegiance.

“As for me and my household, we will worship Yah!” (Joshua 24:15)

 Like all outward symbols commanded in Torah, the mezuzah is meant to reflect inward conviction.

Conclusion: Hear and Obey

The Shema is not merely a prayer—it is a call to action.

• It is a call to remember.
• A call to covenant faithfulness.
• A call to teshuvah.
• A call to teach our children.
• A call to wholehearted obedience.

There is little wonder why Deuteronomy 6:4–9 has been so revered throughout Israel’s history.

May we recite it daily—not mechanically or mindlessly—but with sincerity, passion, and renewed commitment. Anything that helps keep us grounded in covenant faithfulness is well worth the few moments it takes to declare:

Yahweh is our Elohim. Yahweh is one.

P.S.

Check out some of my books! Available in both print and Kindle versions.

Balaam: Prophet, Magician, and a Cautionary Tale

 

Balaam is one of the more enigmatic figures mentioned in Scripture. When reading through the Torah, it can feel jarring to move suddenly from the narrative of Moses and the children of Israel to the account of a wicked prophet—one who nonetheless hears directly from Yah. With so little background provided, Balaam’s story can be difficult to understand.

However, Balaam is far more than a random antagonist. Gaining a clearer picture of who he was and how he fell sheds important light on the rebuke Yeshua gave to the assembly at Pergamum:

“But I hold a few matters against you, because you have there those who adhere to the teaching of Bil‛am (Balaam), who taught Balaq (Balak) to put a stumbling-block before the children of Yisra’ĕl (Israel), to eat food offered to idols, and to commit whoring.”  (Revelations 2:14) 

 Balaam, the Prophet of Yah

At first glance, this section title may appear odd. Yet a careful reading of the Torah shows that Balaam was, at one time, a genuine servant of the Most High.

“And Bil‛am (Balaam) answered and said to the servants of Balaq (Balak), “Though Balaq (Balak) were to give me his house filled with silver and gold, I am unable to go beyond the word of יהוה my Elohim, to do less or more.” (Numbers 22:18)

Balaam openly declares that Yahweh is his Elohim and that he is bound to speak only what Yah commands. This is not the confession of a man devoted to foreign gods. Rather, Balaam presents himself as a prophet of Yah—approached by the Midianites and Moabites for the specific purpose of cursing Israel.

“And he said to them, ‘Spend the night here, and I shall bring back word to you, as יהוה speaks to me.’ … And Elohim said to Bil‛am (Balaam), ‘Do not go with them. You do not curse the people, for they are blessed.’ … And Bil‛am (Balaam) rose in the morning and said to the heads of Balaq (Balak), ‘Go back to your land, for יהוה has refused to allow me to go with you.” (Numbers 22:8-13) 

Here we see Balaam not only conversing with Elohim, but obeying Him. This raises an important question: Who was Balaam before this moment, and where did he come from? The Torah gives us little background. However, the Book of Jasher—though its authenticity is debated—offers intriguing insight into Balaam’s earlier life.

Balaam, Pharaoh’s Magician

The Book of Jasher records Balaam fleeing from the land of Cush to Egypt after Moses conquered the region and captured its capital city. Balaam, who was living there at the time, escapes and returns to Egypt.

“And Balaam the magician, when he saw that the city was taken, he opened the gate and he and his two sons and eight brothers fled and returned to Egypt to Pharaoh king of Egypt. They are the sorcerers and magicians who are mentioned in the book of the law, standing against Moses when the Lord brought the plagues upon Egypt.” (Jasher 73:28-29)     

Later, when Moses and Aaron confront Pharaoh, Jasher identifies the otherwise unnamed magicians of Exodus as Balaam and his household: 

“And when they had gone Pharaoh sent for Balaam the magician and to Jannes and Jambres his sons, and to all the magicians and conjurors and counsellors which belonged to the king, and they all came and sat before the king. And the king told them all the words which Moses and his brother Aaron had spoken to him, and the magicians said to the king, But how came the men to thee, on account of the lions which were confined at the gate? And the king said, Because they lifted up their rod against the lions and loosed them, and came to me, and the lions also rejoiced at them as a dog rejoices to meet his master. And Balaam the son of Beor the magician answered the king, saying, These are none else than magicians like ourselves.” (Jasher 79:27-30)

While Jasher is not canonical Scripture, its portrayal of Balaam as a leading magician aligns remarkably well with the biblical data we do have.

From Magician to Prophet

What follows is necessarily speculative, yet it is a reasonable conclusion drawn from the available texts. If Balaam truly served in Pharaoh’s court, then he personally witnessed the plagues, the defeat of Egypt’s gods, and the undeniable supremacy of Yah. This may explain Balaam’s later confession:

“There is no sorcery effective against Ya‛aqoḇ (Jacob), nor any divination against Yisra’ĕl (Israel).” (Numbers 23:23)

Scripture also explicitly contrasts Balaam’s former practices with his later prophetic role:

 “And when Bil‛am (Balaam) saw that it pleased יהוה to bless Yisra’ĕl (Israel), he did not go as at other times, to seek to use sorcery, but he set his face toward the wilderness. And Bil‛am (Balaam) lifted up his eyes and saw Yisra’ĕl (Israel) encamped according to their tribes. And the Spirit of Elohim came upon him.” (Numbers 24:1-2)

During the Exodus, many Egyptians left Egypt after witnessing Yah’s power firsthand:

“And a mixed multitude went up with them also…”(Exodus 12:38)

It is therefore not unreasonable to suggest that Balaam may have been part of this mixed multitude—abandoning his former ways, embracing the Elohim of Israel, and finding favor as a prophet among the nation. 

Returning to Old Ways

Balaam’s true test came when Midian and Moab sought his counsel once more. Though he initially resisted their offers of wealth and honor, his resolve eventually failed. While he refused to curse Israel outright, he instead instructed their enemies on how to cause Israel to curse themselves.

“And the people began to whore with the daughters of Mo’aḇ… and bowed down to their mighty ones.” (Numbers 25:1–3)

“Look, they are the ones who caused the children of Yisra’ĕl (Israel), through the word of Bil‛am (Balaam), to trespass against יהוה…” (Numbers 31:16)

The scheme succeeded—and Balaam paid the ultimate price:

“And they killed Bil‛am (Balaam) son of Be‛or with the sword.” (Numbers 31:8)

Conclusion: The Teaching of Balaam 

The story of Balaam stands as a tragic warning against returning to former sins and placing stumbling blocks before the people of Elohim. Yeshua’s words in Revelation echo this lesson, as do His warnings in the Messianic writings:

“But whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to stumble, it is better for him that a millstone be hung around his neck, and that he be drowned in the depth of the sea.” (Matthew 18:6)

While Yeshua speaks specifically of children, the principle extends to those young in the faith. Balaam’s legacy reminds us that spiritual knowledge and past faithfulness do not exempt one from judgment when leading others astray. 

May we take these lessons to heart: to endure in faith, to resist returning to old ways, and to guard ourselves from becoming stumbling blocks to others.

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